2019年浙江成人高考将于10月26、27日进行，报考专升本的学员，成考英语是必考科目,以下为英语选择题阅读理解部分的考情分析
阅读理解，总共20小题成人高考英语选择题，共60分。每个短文一般3-4个小问，带着问题到文章中找答案，基本上都可以在相应的段落里找到答案。做阅读理解要注意故事的情节，一些细节，及前后的推断总结。一般做对8-10题是不难的，大概能得30分左右。下面我们会总结阅读理解常见的一些体裁，相应的特点和解题技巧。认真学习，可以再多增加个10分左右的得分点。
阅读理解题是考查学生综合运用所学词汇和语法知识获取信息能力的重要试题。题型为选择题，有三到四篇短文，总阅读量不少于1000个词。体裁有记叙文、说明文、应用文等，每篇短文后皆有数量不等的问题或不完整的句子，要求考生在仔细阅读短文后，从每个问题或不完整的句子下面的四个选项中，选出可以用来回答问题或补全句子的最佳答案。要求考生读完短文后，能掌握每篇短文的主旨大意、主要事实、有关细节及上下文的逻辑关系。
不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧
(1)记叙文
记叙文可分为传记类和故事类。
传记类文章在阅读时“时间”是贯穿全文的关键，根据“时间”我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。
故事类文章，情节较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。
(2)说明文
说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果等进行介绍、解释或阐述的文章。把我所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数子法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。
(3)应用文
应用文涉及的范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。
(历年真题)案例分析：
We all love a hero,and rescue dogs are some of the biggest heroes of all.You will often find them going above and beyond duty to save someone,risking-and at times losing-their lives in the process.
Rescue dogs are generally found in the Sporting and Hunting Groups,or from the traditional Herding Group.These types include the Bloodhound,Labrador Labrador Retriever,Newfoundland,German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, and Belgian Malinois-all of which are chosen for search-and-rescue duty because of their amazing physical strength,loyalty,and their tendency for mental stability.
These types also have a keen sense of hearing and smell-to better locate lost individuals-and are often able to access hard-to-reach areas. As highly trained animals,they serve in many different fields, including specialist search,snow slide rescue,dead body location,and tracking.
To overcome obstacles and succeed when performing the demanding duties of a search-and-rescue worker,a dog must display certain qualities. In addition to intelligence and strength,the dog must be swift, confident,easily trainable,adaptable,and have a high level of stamina (耐力)and endurance.A strong sense of group cooperation and an ability to engage in friendly play during"down"time is also required of search-and-rescue dogs.
A rescue dog goes through many,many hours of intensive training to be fit for duty.Training is not for the faint-hearted.Certification training can take from two to three years,working three to four hours a day,three to six days a week,often in group,team-oriented sessions.
Each search-and-rescue field requires different types of training. Rescue training,for instance, includes"air scenting"-where dogs are trained to smell the air for the victim's scent(气味) and then follow the scent to the person.This ability is crucial to finding victims trapped under collapsed buildings and snow slide.
1.Rescue dogs are chosen probably because__________.
A.they are loyal
B.they are brave
C.they have amazing appearances
D.they have good eyesight
2.What does"faint-hearted " in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.Courageous.
B.Cowardly.
C.Energetic.
D.Slow.
3.Which ability is most important for dogs to rescue people trapped in snow?
A.Sharp hearing.
B.Swift movement.
C.Extraordinary smelling.
D.A strong memory.
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A. Selection process of rescue dogs.
B.Qualities and training of rescue dogs.
C.Risks rescue dogs are faced with.
D.Types of tasks rescue dogs can perform.
答案与解析：
1.A.事实细节题。由第二段最后一句“all of which are chosen for...loyalty, and their tendency for mental stability”可知，挑选搜救犬的条件是强壮的体格、忠诚、心理稳定程度，故选A.
2.B.词义理解题。第五段主要描述搜救犬需要经过长期艰苦训练，所以这种训练应该不适合懦弱胆小者，只有顽强的搜救犬才能坚持下来。由此推测，faint-hearted应指“懦弱的”，故选B.
3.C.推理判断题。由第六段最后两句可知，搜救训练的一项内容是让搜救犬去嗅空气中受害者的气味，这项能力对发现被困在坍塌建筑物和雪崩中的受害者至关重要。由此可推断成人高考英语选择题，在搜救被困在雪里的受害者时，搜救犬及其敏锐的嗅觉是最重要的。故选C.
4.B.主旨大意题。文章第二、三、四段主要讲搜救犬需要具备的能力和条件，第五、六段讲搜救犬的训练，所以这篇文章的主题是搜救犬的本领和训练，故选B.
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